The solar power generation system consists of a solar cell group, a solar controller, and a battery (group). If the output power of the solar power generation system is to be AC 220V or 110V, an inverter needs to be configured.

solar panels

Classification

Crystalline silicon panels: polycrystalline silicon solar cells, monocrystalline silicon solar cells.

Amorphous silicon panels: thin film solar cells, organic solar cells.

Chemical dye panels: dye-sensitized solar cells.

(1) Monocrystalline silicon solar cells

The photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is about 15%, and the highest is 24%, which is the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency of all types of solar cells, but the production cost is so high that it cannot be widely used. Since monocrystalline silicon is generally encapsulated by tempered glass and waterproof resin, it is strong and durable, and its service life is generally up to 15 years, up to 25 years.

(2) Polycrystalline silicon solar cells

The production process of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is similar to that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is much lower. the world's highest-efficiency polycrystalline silicon solar cells). In terms of production cost, it is cheaper than monocrystalline silicon solar cells, the material is simple to manufacture, power consumption is saved, and the total production cost is lower, so it has been greatly developed. In addition, the service life of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is also shorter than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells. In terms of cost performance, monocrystalline silicon solar cells are slightly better.

(3) Amorphous silicon solar cells

Amorphous silicon solar cell is a new type of thin-film solar cell that appeared in 1976. It is completely different from the production method of monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon solar cells. The process is greatly simplified, the consumption of silicon materials is very small, and the power consumption is lower. The advantage is that it can generate electricity even in low light conditions. However, the main problem of amorphous silicon solar cells is that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is low, the international advanced level is about 10%, and it is not stable enough. With the extension of time, its conversion efficiency declines.

(4) Multi-compound solar cells

Multi-compound solar cells refer to solar cells that are not made of single-element semiconductor materials. There are many varieties of research in various countries, most of which have not been industrialized, mainly including the following: a) cadmium sulfide solar cells b) gallium arsenide solar cells c) copper indium selenide solar cells (new multi-bandgap gradient Cu(In, Ga) Se2 thin film solar cells)

Cu(In, Ga)Se2 is a kind of solar light absorbing material with excellent performance. It has multiple semiconductor materials with gradient energy band gap (energy level difference between conduction band and valence band), which can expand the spectral range of solar energy absorption, thereby improving photoelectric conversion. efficiency. Based on it, a thin-film solar cell whose photoelectric conversion efficiency is significantly higher than that of a silicon thin-film solar cell can be designed. The photoelectric conversion rate that can be achieved is 18%. Moreover, such thin-film solar cells have not found the performance degradation effect (SWE) caused by light radiation. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is about 50-75% higher than that of commercial thin-film solar cells. Among thin-film solar cells, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is the highest in the world.

The solar controller is composed of a dedicated processor CPU, electronic components, displays, switching power tubes, etc.

The function of the battery is to store the electrical energy emitted by the solar panel when there is light, and release it when needed. Solar battery is the application of 'battery' in solar photovoltaic power generation. There are four types of lead-acid maintenance-free batteries, ordinary lead-acid batteries, gel batteries and alkaline nickel-cadmium batteries. The solar batteries that are widely used in China are mainly lead-acid maintenance-free batteries and gel batteries. These two types of batteries, because of their inherent "free" maintenance characteristics and the characteristics of less pollution to the environment, are very suitable for reliable solar energy. Power systems, especially unattended workstations

The world solar cell market is making great progress, but the economic crisis brought about by the once-in-a-century financial turmoil is also a dark cloud over the solar cell market. It will fall due to unfavorable factors such as weak demand, falling oil prices and increasing competitiveness. But at the same time, people also see the United States. The GreenNewDeal policy will be implemented soon after Obama takes office, including the green energy plan which can have 150 billion US dollars of subsidy funds, and Japan will also implement the subsidy system to continue to popularize the application of solar cells.

At present, about 90% of the output of Chinese solar cell companies was supplied to overseas markets, mainly for European countries and the United States. However, as the European debt crisis continued to ferment, the US Department of Commerce also made a countervailing duty on Chinese solar cell products in March 2012. The preliminary ruling of the investigation determined that the Chinese companies involved in the case had subsidy rates ranging from 2.9% to 4.73%, and taxed them retroactively for 90 days. These factors directly affected the performance of these companies, so the relevant companies made timely adjustments to their business strategies and switched to the Chinese local market. In July 2011, the Chinese government announced the on-grid tariff for solar photovoltaic power generation. Affected by this, many companies began to plan to build large-scale solar power stations in China. Chinese solar cell companies will focus on developing the local market. There are more than 800 solar cell companies in China, and competition in the local market is expected to be fierce in the future.

The Ministry of Finance has pre-allocated additional subsidies for renewable energy tariffs of over 2.4 billion yuan for solar power generation, wind power generation 9.314 billion yuan, accounting for 63% of the total, biomass power generation 3.055 billion yuan, solar power generation 2.433 billion yuan, and other renewable energy 9 million yuan Yuan. From 2012 to the present, the Ministry of Finance has published four batches of renewable energy electricity price supplementary subsidy catalogues, including a total of 1,704 power generation projects and 412 power generation grid connection projects. Among the pre-allocated additional subsidies, the top five regions with solar subsidies are Qinghai (1.493 billion yuan), Jiangsu (325 million yuan), Ningxia (234 million yuan), Tibet (156 million yuan) and Gansu ( 88.3 million yuan) required by the Ministry of Finance that the above-mentioned funds should be allocated to provincial power grid enterprises and local independent power grid enterprises in a timely manner, and be specially used for the acquisition of the four batches of announced additional funds for renewable energy electricity price subsidies within the coverage of the power grid at the same level. Renewable energy power generation on-grid electricity and other related expenses in the catalog

Solar ground mounting system is the best solar mounting system in our daily life.